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Troop pullout 'not on agenda'


-The Defence Ministry will not discuss the withdrawal of Thai troops from the disputed area near the Preah Vihear temple ruins during the Thai delegation's visit to Phnom Penh today.

Defence Minister Prawit Wongsuwon made clear the stance yesterday in response to Cambodian Prime Minister Hun Sen's condition that he would discuss the temple issue only if it concerned the withdrawal of Thai soldiers.

The Thai delegation of about 15 officials, including Gen Prawit and Deputy Prime Minister Suthep Thaugsuban, is set to arrive in Phnom Penh today for talks after Thailand protested against the Unesco's World Heritage Committee's decision to register the Hindu temple ruins unilaterally on behalf of Cambodia last year.

Mr Suthep said yesterday he would go to Cambodia as planned on a mission to clarify with Hun Sen Thailand's objections to the listing of the Preah Vihear temple ruins.

He said his trip was aimed at strengthening bilateral ties.


Gen Prawit told reporters that Thai troops had to remain in the 4.6-square-kilometre area around Preah Vihear because it belonged to Thailand and both nations had reached an agreement that the land dispute would be handled by the Joint Boundary Committee (JBC).

About 3,000 Thai soldiers entered the disputed area on July 15 last year after Unesco listed the Preah Vihear temple on behalf of Cambodia.

"The Thai cabinet considers Unesco as a peace-oriented organisation. The rules and regulations that govern the World Heritage listing must be recognised by both countries.

"We believe that Unesco failed to observe the rules and regulations, so we must protest against Unesco and demand it respond," Gen Prawit said.

In response to reports of Cambodia's military reinforcements in the area, army chief Gen Anupong Paojinda said yesterday that Thailand would not start any violent actions and would not be reckless.

Lt Gen Wibulsak Neepal, commander of the 2nd Army, said Cambodia had deployed a number of soldiers and heavy weaponry and its forces in the area were nearly double those of Thailand's.

However, he confirmed that Thai soldiers there were prepared for any eventuality

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Thai talks limited to troops: PM

-But Preah Vihear's Heritage status is not on agenda, Hun Sen says.

PRIME Minister Hun Sen on Thursday announced plans to hold unofficial talks with Thai Deputy Prime Minister Suthep Thaugsuban and Defence Minister Prawit Wongsuwan on Saturday, but said they would be limited to discussions of Thai troop withdrawals.


"I will only welcome an explanation about the withdrawal of Thai soldiers out of Cambodia's territory," Hun Sen said in a speech at a graduation ceremony in Phnom Penh, adding that the World Heritage status of Preah Vihear temple would not be on the agenda.

"I would like to reaffirm in principle Cambodia's position not to accept an explanation by Suthep Thausuban over the Preah Vihear issue," he said.

On Wednesday UNESCO rejected Thai demands to place the Preah Vihear issue on the agenda of the World Heritage Committee's annual meeting in Seville, Spain.

Giovanni Boccardi, chief of UNESCO's East Asia and Pacific Unit, said the Preah Vihear issue would not be raised because the meeting would "strictly" adhere to an agenda already in place.

Foreign Minister Hor Namhong said Thai attempts to put the temple on the agenda one year after its World Heritage inscription were improper.

"Thailand's aim was dismissed, but the Thais still continue, and we don't know when they will stop," he told reporters Thursday at the Foreign Ministry.

Hun Sen said Cambodia was willing to risk conflict over the issue and ordered soldiers at the border to protect the country against Thai incursions.

Srey Doek, commander of RCAF Division 3, said Thursday that the situation at the border was normal but that troops were on alert.

"We have raised Thai troop withdrawals with the Thai military commanders many times but have received no positive response," he said.

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Tense but calm around Preah Vihear


-Deputy Prime Minister Suthep Thaugsuban on Friday insisted on going to Cambodia to meet Prime Minister Hun Sen, even though the Cam,bodian leader has refused to discuss the Preah Vihear temple row.

Mr Suthep said his visit to Cambodia on Saturday was aimed at strengthening ties. He said he would not engage in any talks that would lead to conflict.

Although the temple row would not be on the table, the deputy prime minister said relations between Thailand and Cambodia would improve after the visit.

Mr Suthep was originally assigned by Prime Minister Abhisit Vejjajiva to clarify Thailand's position against the enscription of the temple by the World Heritage Committee, on the application of Cambodia, which was later formally approved by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (Unesco).


But Mr Hun Sen has refused to discuss the ancient temple with Mr Suthep.

Both sides have sent reinforcements to the area.

Second Army commander Wibulsak Neepal admitted on Friday he was worried about the renewed potential for hosilities.

Lt Gen Wibulsak said troops were now confronting each other and this could boil over into a fight if the two governments do not find ways to calm the conflict.

However, the Thai-Cambodia border remained calm. Army chief Gen Anupong Paojinda said there had been no confrontation and the situation would not lead to violence.

He confirmed Thai troops have been reinforced following reports that extra Cambodian troops and artillery had been deployed to the area.

Gen Anupong said the two sides agree they do not want to fight.

Thai soldiers had been warned to be alert, but not to initiate a clash with Cambodian troops.

"We will not be the first to start fighting," Gen Anupong told reporters.

"The local commander told me the situation is still calm. Forces from both countries deployed at the temple are constantly in contact with each other and there is no indication that it could lead to confrontation," he said.

Tension along the border has risen since Thailand decided to petition against the listing of the ancient khmer temple by the World Heritage Committee, which approved the application by Phnom Penh. Thailand has repeatedly argued the old temple should be jointly registered as a world heritage site,m even though it is in Cambodian territory. Access to the temple is through Thailand.

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Why is Burma's junta afraid of Suu Kyi?


-The trial of Burma's renowned opposition leader, Aung San Suu Kyi, is being held in secret, behind the walls of the country's most notorious jail, the aptly named Insein Prison.

Anyone approaching the prison had to pass through two lines of barbed-wire barricades, manned by armed police. Very few did. Four EU diplomats were refused entry.

A small handful of sympathisers were allowed to stage a silent vigil between the two cordons. Her lawyers were instructed not to repeat any of the testimony given in court.

It sounds like the trial of a dangerous, terrorist suspect.


But the defendants are a waif-like 63-year-old woman and her two female companions, accused of nothing more than allowing an uninvited well-wisher, an American, who had swum across the lake to reach her home, to stay until he had recovered from his exhaustion.

Aung San Suu Kyi has spent much of the past two decades under house arrest, the last six years in such severe isolation that she has had almost no opportunity to communicate with the outside world.

Her party, which resoundingly won the last election 19 years ago, has been weakened and divided by almost constant military harassment.

Meanwhile the army, her nemesis, has more than doubled in size, has extended its control into all areas of life and now consumes around 40% of the national budget.

Powerful figure

So Ms Suu Kyi does not appear to pose much of a threat. Yet even as she has been increasingly isolated, her potency as a symbol of the hunger so many Burmese clearly have for change and an end to military rule seems to have grown.

Insein prison
Aung San Suu Kyi is being held at the Insein prison in Rangoon

Qualities that have sometimes provoked quiet criticism of her leadership style when she was free, like her aloofness and her stubborn adherence to principle, have made her appear more heroic as a prisoner.

Her lonely stand has won her passionate admirers across the world, including, presumably, the hapless American John Yettaw whose misguided attempt to meet her has now got her into such trouble. There is simply no political figure in Burma who can match her crowd-pulling charisma.

And that worries the military as it prepares the ground for the country's first election in 20 years.

Widely dismissed outside Burma as a sham, because it guarantees to preserve the predominant role of the armed forces in politics and society, this election matters a great deal to Than Shwe, the ageing, secretive general who still calls most of the shots in Burma.

It will allow him to cast off the stain of illegitimacy which has haunted Burma's military rulers for the past two decades and give them a veneer of legitimacy.

Electoral legitimacy is something I have heard Burmese ministers go on and on about at length during my own visits there.

Their main complaint is the legitimacy Aung San Suu Kyi's party, the National League for Democracy, has always claimed from its 1990 election victory, an election the military later annulled.

This seems to infuriate them, and these ministers go to extraordinary lengths to try to discredit these claims. Legitimacy, it seems, is a big issue for the generals, as is security.

'Than Shwe's succession'

"Next year's election is all about Than Shwe's succession," says Aung Naing Oo, a former student activist now living in exile in Thailand.


Aung San Suu Kyi

Profile: Aung San Suu Kyi

"He is obsessed with assuring his security once he steps down after the election. So he is being very careful about who is put in key positions. He has to make sure nothing goes wrong."

Than Shwe has not forgotten the last time he released Aung San Suu Kyi from house arrest, in 2002, in the mistaken belief that Western sanctions would be eased in return.

They were not and she was greeted as a national saviour, mobbed by huge crowds as she travelled around the country. A year later, dozens of her supporters had been killed or jailed by military-backed thugs, and she was back under house arrest.

That is why there is a clause in the military-drafted constitution barring anyone "who enjoys the rights and privileges of a foreign citizen" from running for office - Ms Suu Kyi, through her marriage to the late British academic Michael Aris, falls into that category.

There was never much realistic hope that she would be released before the election. A criminal conviction now would disqualify her from contesting the election even as a candidate. The chances are she will still be in custody when it takes place.

So what about afterwards?

Once the generals have, in their own view, consigned the 1990 election to the history books by holding an election they are more or less guaranteed to win, perhaps then they will have the confidence to release Aung San Suu Kyi.

And perhaps, once Than Shwe, who is 76 and often in poor health, has left the scene, Burma may see a gradual softening of its repressive political climate. But no-one is counting on it.


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UN envoy visits Burma for talks


-UN envoy Ibrahim Gambari has arrived in Burma ahead of a possible visit by UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon.

Mr Gambari is to meet officials from Burma's military government but it is not clear if he will meet jailed pro-democracy leader Aung San Suu Kyi.

She is on trial accused of breaking the terms of her house arrest by letting an uninvited US man stay in her home.


Mr Ban has said he hopes to press the Burmese authorities to release Ms Suu Kyi and other political prisoners.

Mr Gambari was to fly to Burma's capital, Naypyidaw, after arriving in Rangoon on Friday.

'Exile links'

After his two-day trip, he will brief Mr Ban before the UN chief decides whether to visit Burma.

It is the special envoy's eighth visit to Burma to try to promote political reconciliation between the military government and the pro-democracy movement led by Ms Suu Kyi.

Before Mr Gambari arrived in Burma, the country's police chief said Ms Suu Kyi's visitor, John Yettaw, had links to Burmese exile groups in Thailand.

Mr Yettaw is also on trial over his visit to Ms Suu Kyi's lakeside home in Rangoon.
Aung San Suu Kyi meets Thai, Singapore and Russian diplomats, 20 May
Ms Suu Kyi has been allowed few visitors since being detained

Her trial over the incident was again postponed on Friday until 3 July - the latest in a series of delays over allowing more defence witnesses.

Observers say the charges against Ms Suu Kyi - which carry a maximum punishment of five years in jail - are designed to keep her imprisoned until after next year's election.

She has already spent 13 of the past 19 years under house arrest, banned from seeing all but a small group of people.

Burma's military rulers have refused to recognise the results of general elections in 1990, won by Ms Suu Kyi's National League for Democracy party.


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History of Ankor Wat


-The beginning of the Khmer or Angkor civilization takes place during the period from 802 to 1431 A.D.. Il stretched, then its apogee, up to the Thailand-Burma border in the West and Wat Phou of Laos in the North.

It appeared owing to the ancient Khmer rulers who strengthened unity between peoples with a good political doctrine and the development of an intelligent irrigation system who allowed to control water of the Mekong River for agricultures and so to work out its prosperity. Then it were slowly deteriorated during five century. Of this Khmer Civilization, it left some fabulous and exceptionals monuments (like Angkor Wat and Bayon Khmers temples), some numerous sculptures.


The word " Angkor " is derived Sanskrit (an ancient Indian language), of " Nagara " which means " City ". Angkor Wat literally means " City of Temple " and Angkor Thom " The Magnificent City ".

The ancient Khmers were great masters of stone carving and we can see the evidences of various Angkor temples who extended on the large plain of Siem Reap up to outside of Cambodian border to the Preah Vihear at Dangrek mountain, Phnomrung and Phimai in Thailand and Wat Phu in Laos. These temples were make up patiently during centuries by Khmer artisans. This expect a main energy to realize such efforts as a long time, in contradiction with the normal and easy life of the Khmer people and villagers of their time.

For historians and archaeologists, it is not easy to do the detailed study of Khmer civilization. Most of the writing, found after the excavation of Angkor, were carved in the stones, who became the best support against time wear. They are important evidences to understand the basic constituency of Khmer society and its chronology. They relate principally religious rituals, king's praise and literatue of Indian epics of " Ramayana " and " Mahabharata ". There is not much things on the subject of the ordinary life of the local people.

It is owing to a Chinese Ambassador, Zhou Daguan in the middle of 13th century during the Chinese dinasty Yuan, who traveled to Angkor, lived with peoples and explored the empire during one year, that we learn more things about Khmer civilization. He writed very clearly and vividly how people were live in the khmer society in this period.

Angkor Wat represent center of Khmer civilization. It is situated on the plain of Siem Reap province north of the Great Lake of Tonle Sap.

All along Khmer history, the throne were often desire, which involved some violent bloodshed. Differents successive kings build each one a different capital, alls in the Angkor Wat and Ruolos sector, with some names like Hariharata, Yasodharapura, Jayendanagari, Angkor Thom and a lot of others unknown names.

Much temples like Angkor Wat, Angkor Thom represent incontestably the relics of the past Khmer Civilization.

In the Khmer society, hierarchy include above the God-King, surrounded by brahmins tutors and the members of his royal family. The priests who live in the temples were also powerful and contoled their own lands and paddy fields.

The names of donors were written in the stone, on the temples and we learn that they were allowed noblemen or high dignitary responsible for the administrative and judiciary tasks, how that may be, all this wasn't very precise for historians, it is so difficult to drow up a complete list of the Angkor Empire hierarchy.

The Khmer Civilization economy was based principally on agriculture, the majority of people was farmers or peasants and some of the less wealthy of them was fastened to large landowners or of the temples.

The lowest hierarchy of the Khmer Civilization was reserved to slaves who beloyed at temples, which we found the majority of the names inscribed on the stone. Their names was keeped in a holy place, what who let think they could not have been the low class slaves as its word " slave " implied. For historians they were only temples servants and priests were " Gods slaves " and not to any human being. In fact, slaves were mostly captured in the neighboring countries, but Khmer people themselves could fall in the lowest status and being a " slave " if they failed to pay their rents or loans to the upper ruling class.

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-The earliest written language to have been found in the region is in Sanskrit, an Indian sacred language. The writings were carved in stones which could be dated back to 5th and 6th century, which show a strong influence of the Indian culture over the indigenous people.

Sometimes later, the Khmer Language seems to appear with many of its characters and words derived from Sanskrit. An oldest stone inscription written in Khmer language were found to be carved in 612 A.D. as its text said.


The contents of these stone inscriptions which were housed in the temples were mostly concern with religions, its ritual and philosophy, Indian epics of Ramayana and Mahabharata, Kings' salutations and some poetic verses. Some of these stone inscriptions also list the assets which were owned by the temples and by the dignitaries as well as the different objects needed for ritual ceremonies. Although these assets and objects had long been disappeared, these listings served as another jigsaw in our quest for knowledge of the Angkor. Little things had been said about the ordinary life of the local people, however, these stone inscriptions had helped us to retrace the history of Khmer and to understand its political and cultural structure.

Around 1,200 stone inscriptions written in Sanskrit and Khmer had been discovered.

The inscriptions were careful engraved on the stone with a great work of real arts in order to show high respects to the gods of the temples. This could lead us to imagine that the Khmers were devout to their gods in whom they revered as their protector, and god's blessing would bring them prosperity.

Many Angkor temples had been found to contain the stone inscriptions in both languages - Sanskrit and Khmer, however, their contents could be differentiated into two distinct characteristics although both of them served for a religious purpose. Those inscriptions written in Sanskrit addressed more or less directly to the gods in term of religious prayers and rituals. Sanskrit is the sacred language of India and was maintained in the original form by the Khmers so that its value to their gods would not be deviated by any form of translation.

Generally, the Khmer inscription had its own distinction and the content was mostly a listing of assets, covering from paddy fields, cattle, objects and furniture, as well as the names of slaves which were owned by the temples. In many instances, some of the stone inscriptions were placed in the shrine by donors who could be the dignitaries or the elites of Khmer ruling class. These inscriptions could be varied, ranging from the listing of assets to some poetic verses.

According to Zhou Daguan in the Chinese annals, the ancient Khmers knew how to write on the latina leaves as well as by chalks on the animal's skin. Unfortunately, these materials seem to have been decayed over the past centuries due to damp weathers and insects.

It is hard to believe that such a high civilization of Khmer with a well-developed writing system would barely have any literature. Only three Khmer literatures are known since they were preserved in the stone inscription. Many literatures and other Khmer manuscripts, being written on unendurable materials other than on stone, are believed to have been lost with time, and some may have been survived until present day as local folklores.

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India's West Bengal State Agrees to Ban Maoists


-In India, the West Bengal state government has banned the Maoist rebels, whose movement has been declared a terrorist organization. The West Bengal government came under pressure to ban the Maoists after security forces had to be deployed to evict the rebels from a rural district.

The Chief Minister of West Bengal state, Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee says his government will implement a ban ordered a day earlier by the federal government on the Maoist faction of the Communist Party of India.



Since last week, hundreds of paramilitary troops and police have mounted an operation in the state to reclaim a district where the rebels are entrenched.

Rebel influence widening

The operation has focused attention on the widening influence of the rebels in the state and prompted the federal government to urge the West Bengal government to ban the Maoists.

Chief Minister Bhattacharjee says the strength of police forces in the state will be increased and their training updated to help enforce the ban.

"How far we will go, whom to arrest, how to arrest that is our business, that we will decide," he said. "But this act [law] is applicable in the whole country, it should be very clear."

The West Bengal government banned the Maoists despite strong opposition from senior leaders of the Communist Party of India (Marxist), which governs the state. They say the ban will serve no purpose and the widening influence of the rebels should be countered with political measures.

Chief Minister Bhattacharjee says the West Bengal state government is also looking at development measures that can help to weaken the hold of the rebels in areas where they are active.

"And we have taken some crash programs to improve the quality of life of those people living in that area," he said. "These combined together will take a holistic attitude, socio-economic development, political activities, political campaign, and finally strong administrative measures, we should include all this to face this situation."

West Bengal is one of the five eastern states where the Maoist rebels - numbering about 20,000 - have entrenched themselves in outlying, jungle areas. They claim to be fighting for the rights of landless poor, saying the peasants are exploited by government and police officials.

The rebels are being blamed for sporadic attacks in states where they have called a two-day protest. Police say they attacked a court and blew up a cultural center in Bihar, and torched the offices of the Communist Party in a district in West Bengal.

India's federal government has been repeatedly urging state governments to do more to stamp out the Maoist insurgency, calling it the biggest internal security threat to the country. But several security experts blame state governments for not taking that warning seriously.

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China and US hold military talks


-Defence officials from the United States and China are meeting in Beijing for two days of high-level talks.

They are expected to discuss several recent naval confrontations between the two countries in the South China Sea.

North Korea's recent nuclear and missile tests - and how to react to them - will also be on the agenda.

Military relations between China and the US have been strained since last year because of the US sale of arms to Taiwan.


Sovereignty claim

Michele Flournoy, the US under secretary of defence for policy, is leading the US delegation for the talks, set up in 1997.

She will meet Lieutenant General Ma Xiaotian from the People's Liberation Army, China's armed forces.

One of the top concerns for the US team is the confrontations between ships from the two countries in the South China Sea.

Already this year, there have been a handful of incidents off China's southern coast.

Just a few weeks ago, a Chinese submarine collided with sonar equipment being towed by the USS John S. McCain off Subic Bay in the Philippines.

China says that was an accident, but the US says it is worried about the increasing number of such incidents.

There is already a mechanism to deal with this kind of conflict.

"We would hope to reinvigorate those discussions so that we can make sure that we're both operating in a safe and prudent manner," said a US defence department spokesman before the US delegation arrived in Beijing.

China says the South China Sea, and its island chains, are part of its sovereign territory and it has previously complained about US naval activity in the region.

The Defence Consultative Talks between China and the US are usually held every year, although not last year.

Beijing suspended military ties between the two nations last October in protest at the US decision to sell $6.5bn-worth of arms to Taiwan, an island China considers its own.

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Suthep to explain opposition to heritage listing to Cambodia


-Deputy Prime Minister for security affairs Suthep Thaugsuban said on Tuesday he will on Saturday visit Cambodia to meet Cambodian Prime Minister Hun Sen and explain the case Thailand is making to United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (Unesco) about the registration of the Preah Vihear ancient temple as a World Heritage site by Cambodia.

Mr Suthep said the petition is a matter between the Thai government and Unesco, and had nothing to do with Cambodia, which owns the temple.

If all conflict was cleared up, the situation between the two neighbouring countries would improve, he said.

He believed neither Thailand nor Cambodia wanted any problem with each other.

Army chief Anupong Paojinda made a visit to the Thai-Cambodian border area near Preah Vihear temple on Tuesday morning.

His trip followed reports Cambodia had sent troop reinforcements, extra 130mm artillery pieces and T-54 tanks to the border.

News media in Cambodia earlier reported there were unusual movements of Thai troops in expectation that the situation would become tense after Thailand asked Unesco to review the registration of the Preah Vihear temple as a world heritage site.

Cambodian Foreign Minister Hor Namhong also said his country was ready for any situation which might follow the reinforcement of troops on the Thai side of the border.

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Whither the Kang Nam, North Korea's suspect cargo ship?


-The Kang Nam is an aging, rusty cargo ship that has passed through numerous owners. Now flying the flag of North Korea and chugging slowly through East Asian waters toward the Strait of Malacca, it is an unlikely possible flash point for international tensions.

But that's exactly what it is. The Kang Nam is the first North Korean vessel monitored under new UN Security Council sanctions aimed at punishing Pyongyang for its nuclear test last month.


What the US Navy does to the Kang Nam – or what it does not do – may serve as an overall indication of how President Obama intends to respond to North Korea's recent nuclear actions.

"North Korea has a path toward rejoining the international community, and we hope they take that path," said Mr. Obama on Monday in a prerecorded interview on CBS. "What we're not going to do is to reward belligerence and provocation in the way that's been done in the past."

Tensions have been running high on the Korean peninsula since the May 2 underground nuclear explosion. Pyongyang has said it will consider any attempt to intercept the Kang Nam to be an act of war.

Low-tech weapons on board?

The Kang Nam's destination most likely is Myanmar – possibly the port city of Thilawa. Its cargo is probably low tech but still dangerous: artillery, rifles, and other conventional arms.

Pyongyang is thought to have sold ballistic missiles, and perhaps nuclear technology, to Syria and Iran. But Myanmar is a poorer country with fewer geopolitical ambitions.

"Myanmar – they're not a missile-buyer," says James Schoff, associate director of Asia-Pacific studies at the Institute for Foreign Policy Analysis.

According to South Korean media reports, the Kang Nam itself was probably built in Germany in the late 1980s. It then passed through a series of owners to a South Korean maritime firm, which in turn sold it to the North.

A series of Kang Nam ships are in Pyongyang's possession, named Kang Nam 1 through Kang Nam 5. The Kang Nam 1 is the ship being shadowed by the Aegis missile destroyer USS John McCain, named for the senator's father and grandfather.

It is not fast. It is making about 10 knots as it crawls down the Chinese coast, according to South Korean media.

How long before the Kang Nam needs fuel?

A key question is whether the ship can make it to Myanmar without refueling. US officials have said that they do not know how fuel-efficient the Kang Nam is or how much fuel it carries.

Singapore is perhaps the largest maritime service and refueling stop in the world, situated as it is at a crossroads of the Indian Ocean. It has said it would act "appropriately" if the Kang Nam calls.

The new UN Security Council resolution calls for ports to withhold fuel and supplies from ships thought to be carrying prohibited items, unless those ships allow themselves to be searched.

"Singapore does not want to be thought of as a contributor to the illicit weapons trade," says Mr. Schoff.

It is possible that the next act in the drama could be a standoff, as a North Korean captain refuses to allow port authorities to board his vessel, and they in turn refuse him the fuel to proceed to his destination.

It is also possible that the USS John McCain may intercept the Kang Nam before it arrives at any port. US officers would seek permission to board – which would almost certainly be denied.

In that case, the US warship is supposed to direct the intercepted ship to a nearby port, under terms of the UN resolution. But the resolution does not authorize use of force to carry out its provisions.

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Rival of Pakistan Taliban Leader Is Assassinated


-ISLAMABAD, Pakistan — A rival of Baitullah Mehsud, the powerful Taliban leader who has carried out a string of bloody suicide bombings in recent years, was shot dead Tuesday in northwestern Pakistan, police officials said.

The death of Qari Zainuddin, the rival leader, comes as a serious blow to the government, which had supported him as a counter to Mr. Mehsud in its campaign against the Taliban.


Mr. Zainuddin was killed in the northwestern town of Dera Ismail Khan, said Iqbal Khan, the town’s district police chief. The initial investigation indicated that the gunman was a guard named Gulbadin Mehsud who was thought to have been loyal to Mr. Zainuddin. The alleged attacker, who was not directly related to Baitullah Mehsud, escaped after the attack, which also wounded another guard, he said.

The military is mounting an operation against Mr. Mehsud in his sanctuary in South Waziristan, a mountainous tribal region in western Pakistan. Mr. Zainuddin and his group were helping the government by denying Mr. Mehsud and his fighters the ability to operate in a nearby region, and in recent months, killing some 30 of his fighters. Pakistani jets have also targeted Mehsud’s hideouts in recent days.

The killing showed the long reach of Mr. Mehsud, whose suicide bombings in major cities have terrorized Pakistanis for years. It was also intended as a reminder that there are serious consequences for crossing him, analysts said. Mr. Zainuddin had been a vociferous critic of Mr. Mehsud and his tactics.

“It tells people if you side with the government this is what will happen to you,” said Talat Masood, a retired general and military analyst. “It says the government can’t give you protection but the other side can.”

The killing also showed just how tenuous this splinter group’s hold on power in the Tank and Dera Ismail Khan area was, Mr. Masood said, and brings into question the government’s reliance on a strategy of dividing the Mehsud tribe in order to defeat it. The army, which is in the early stages of deploying troops to South Waziristan would now have to rely more on its own fighters, he said.

Mr. Zainuddin, who in his 30s, was part of Mr. Mehsud’s tribe, but had split with him, and joined forces with Turkestan Bhaitani, an older Taliban fighter who had switched sides to ally with the government. The two men had held a jirga, or tribal meeting, with as many as a hundred elders of the Mehsud tribe in the town of Tank earlier this month in an effort to rally opposition to Mr. Mehsud. Officially, the Pakistani military denies supporting Mr. Zainuddin or Turkestan Bhaitani.

Mr. Zainuddin was the cousin of Abdullah Mehsud, a top Taliban militant who was killed in 2007 when security forces raided a hideout in Baluchistan Province. He had claimed that he had the ability to take on Mr. Mehsud with the support of 3,000 fighters.

“Baitullah Mehsud is not involved in jihad because Islam does not allow suicide attacks, which his group is perpetrating,” Mr. Zainuddin was quoted as saying in one interview.

Some reports in local media have also suggested that Mr. Mehsud killed Mr. Zainuddin’s father some years ago.

Also on Tuesday, a missile strike by an American drone aircraft killed six fighters loyal to Mr. Meshud near the Afghan border, news agencies reported.

Sabrina Tavernise contributed reporting from Lahore, Pakistan.

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-WASHINGTON (Reuters) - Protests in Iran have led to the "beginnings of change" there, White House spokesman Robert Gibbs said on Tuesday, echoing the central theme of President Barack Obama's 2008 presidential campaign.

"We've seen the beginnings of change in Iran," Gibbs said on NBC's "Today" Show.


But Gibbs cautioned that Obama will not endorse a general strike there or otherwise get involved with specific actions inside Iran, which has been engulfed by street protests since a disputed June 12 presidential election.

Obama has sharpened his criticism of the Iranian government for cracking down on demonstrators, while trying to avoid the appearance of meddling.

He is expected to address the massive protests at a 12:30 p.m. EDT press conference in the White House Rose Garden.

Obama used "change" as the central theme of his presidential candidacy to emphasize his differences from unpopular Republican incumbent George W. Bush, as well as more-established Democratic rivals like Hillary Clinton.

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Official: No black box signals from Flight 447

-PARIS (AP) — French military ships searching for the black boxes of Flight 447 have detected sounds in the Atlantic depths but they are not from the Air France plane's flight recorders, French officials said Tuesday.

The official and French investigators denied a report on the Web site of the French newspaper Le Monde that French ships had picked up a signal from the black boxes.

The two recorders, key to helping determine what happened to the plane, which plunged into the ocean May 31, will only continue to emit signals for another eight days or so.

French vessels in the search area have picked up noises regularly, but subsequent investigation has revealed no link to the black boxes, French military spokesman Christophe Prazuck told Associated Press Television News.


"The black boxes have not been found. The black boxes have not been located. We're still looking for the black boxes," Prazuck said in English.

"Regularly they have alerts. They hear noises that could be related to the black boxes so they have to investigate these noises," he added, saying the French authorities "never" have had confirmation that any of the sounds detected were related to the black boxes.

The Airbus A330 plane came down in the Atlantic after running into thunderstorms en route from Rio de Janeiro to Paris. All 228 people aboard were killed. The cause of the crash remains unclear.

The French air accident investigation agency, BEA, said in a statement Tuesday that "no signals transmitted by the flight recorders' locator beacons have been validated up to now."

The BEA said work is continuing "aimed at eliminating any doubts related to any sounds that may be heard, and any findings will be made public."

Last week, BEA director Paul-Louis Arslanian sternly warned against any unconfirmed leaks in the investigation, saying they could mislead the public and unnecessarily worry or encourage the families.

Le Monde said a mini research submarine, the Nautile, dived Monday to search for the boxes based on a "very weak signal" from the flight recorders picked up by the French ships.

Searchers from Brazil, France, the United States and other countries are methodically scanning the Atlantic for signs of the plane.

French-chartered ships are trolling a search area with a radius of 50 miles (80 kilometers), pulling U.S. Navy underwater listening devices attached to 19,700 feet (6,000 meters) of cable. A French submarine is also searching.

The black boxes send out an electronic tapping sound that can be heard up to 1.25 miles (2 kilometers) away.

Ten of 50 bodies recovered from the Air France flight have been identified as those of Brazilians, medical examiners said.

Dental records, fingerprints and DNA samples were used to identify the bodies. Investigators are reviewing all remains, debris and baggage at a base set up in Recife, Brazil.

Copyright © 2009 The Associated Press. All rights reserved.

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Iran Will Not Annul Election Results


-Iranian media reported Tuesday that the nation's powerful Guardian Council has said it will not annul the results of the nation's disputed presidential election, saying there were no major polling irregularities.

The council's spokesman, Abbas Ali Kadkhodaei, said late Monday that most complaints centered around irregularities before the election, and not during or after the vote.


Plans to publish vote count

Separately, the deputy head of the Interior Ministry's election headquarters, Ali-Asghar Sharifi-Rad, said the ministry is going to publish the results of a box-by-box vote count in an attempt to resolve ambiguities about the June 12 poll.

In comments published Monday on Iran's Press TV Web site, the official said details of the vote count are usually kept confidential.

These developments follow claims of vote rigging and the Guardian Council's announcement Sunday that the total number of votes in 50 cities surpassed the number of people eligible to cast ballots there. More than three million votes could be in question.

Police crack down on protesters

On the streets of central Tehran Monday, witnesses to a demonstration said Iranian police used tear gas to disperse the hundreds of opposition protesters rallying at Haft-e-Tir Square.

The country's country's elite Revolutionary Guard has warned it would use force to crush demonstrations about Iran's disputed election.

Earlier, Iranian state media reported that 10 people were killed and at least 100 injured in fierce clashes Saturday between security forces and demonstrators in Tehran. The reports also said at least 457 people were arrested. The demonstrators had defied a warning Friday from Iran's supreme leader, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, not to stage protests.

The official death toll from Iran's post-election violence is now at 17. Other reports say the toll is considerably higher. None of the reports has been confirmed, and Iran has barred independent media from reporting in the country.

Mousavi supports more protests

Defeated candidate Mir Hossein Mousavi has issued a statement supporting further protests against President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad's June 12 victory, but he urged restraint.

At the United Nations, Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon urged an immediate end to the use of force against civilians in Iran. He also called on the government and the opposition to peacefully resolve their differences through dialogue and legal means.

The disputed vote has triggered Iran's greatest unrest since the 1979 Islamic Revolution.

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Arab world scrutinizing events in Iran


- TEHRAN, Iran (CNN) -- The Arab world is among the worldwide audience that has been closely watching as events in Iran have unfolded over the past week.
Protesters fight running battles with motorcycle-mounted militia members Saturday in Tehran.

Protesters fight running battles with motorcycle-mounted militia members Saturday in Tehran.
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"In all honesty, I am amazed by these Iranians," Egyptian human rights activist and blogger Walid Abbas posted on his Twitter page. "I have no green t-shirt" Abbas tweeted Saturday. He was referring to the color worn by many supporters of opposition candidate Mir Hossein Moussavi, whose supposed failure to win last week's election sparked the wave of unrest that has gripped the nation.

Watching the events unfolding in Iran on Twitter, Youtube and other social networks, the Egyptian activist said he is learning from the Iranian activists. He said he does not support Moussavi because he is part of the Mullah system.


"We are not with Moussavi," Abbas tweeted, "We are with the Iranian people and their demands."

Taghlob Salah, a 24-year-old Iraqi student at Baghdad Law College, told CNN that the Iranian youths who make up most of the protesters can be inspiring to Iraqis, despite cultural differences. Photo See images of the clashes Saturday »

"Despite the difference that we have with Iran and the fact that many Iraqis don't trust their Persian neighbor, we are still Muslims and at the end of the day that matters a lot," he said. "We will look at this phase in Iranian history and learn, for sure and I can say that we will learn from them, 100 percent." Iraq and Iran are culturally linked because their populations are predominantly Shiite Muslims, as opposed to Sunni Muslims who make up the majority of most Arab countries.

Salah credited the Internet for giving everyone involved a chance to have their voices heard. "There are so many Iraqi groups all over Facebook," he said. "The world is evolving; we are developing our approach to our surroundings."

Abdel Bari Atwan, editor of the London-based pan-Arab newspaper Al-Quds Al-Arabi, expressed dismay over the continued protests. He called on Moussavi to be "responsible enough to protect his people and avoid bloodshed, instability and confrontation in his country that may rupture the Iranian internal unity spreading chaos throughout the region."

Atwan said Ayatollah Ali Khamenei made it clear in his speech during Friday prayers that his patience had run out and he praised the supreme leader for having displayed "leniency" in his dealings with the protesters, but predicted that that leniency would not continue. iReport.com: Share images from Iran

Abd Rahman Rashed, editor of the Saudi-owned, London-based Arabic daily Al-Sharq Al-Awsat, expressed a different point of view. In an editorial published Saturday, Rashed directed comments to Arab supporters of Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, whose landslide victory in last week's election is being challenged by Moussavi and his supporters. "No matter what happens, Iran did technically change and will shift its course in a great way," Rashed wrote. "It is over," he said. "Iran the one system, the street and the agenda is over."

They may not understand Farsi or why some Iranians voted for Moussavi, Mehdi Karrubi or Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, but Arabs can surely relate to the passionate shouts of "God is Great!" And "Down with the dictator" in defiance of Iran's theocracy.

Relations between Iran and Arab states have always been tense: through its proxies, Iran sometimes accuses some of the leading Arab states, including Egypt and Saudi Arabia, of being subject to the whims of Western imperialism and of failing to confront America and its ally, Israel, in the region.

Rashed credited Iranians for speaking with courage against their government's funding of controversial organizations like Hezbollah, Hamas and anti-government groups in Yemen and elsewhere.

He said Iranians voted against the current system because they don't want the government to dedicate the country's budget to ally itself to such organizations instead of focusing on the average citizen.

Some Arab states look to Iran as a regional superpower that can support them financially, militarily and politically in their confrontation with the international community. Those states include Syria and Sudan, which support organizations like Hamas and Hezbollah -- deemed terrorist organizations by the United States -- that are used as a proxy to challenge America and Israel in the region.
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Some Arab states have long warned that Shiite Iran wants to spread its power across the Sunni-dominated Arab world, causing more mistrust and friction between the Persian nation and the Arab world.

Recently, Egypt and Morocco accused Iran of attempting to spread the Shiite faith among its Sunni population and creating Shiite converts and activists in their communities and in the rest of the Arab world -- a charge that Iran has denied.
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